Llyn Cwm Mynach

​

• Location: Rhinog Mountains, north Wales
• Type: Lake
• Catchment area: 119 ha
• Annual rainfall: c. 2200 mm
• Lake area: -
• Lake altitude: 287 m

Situated at the southern edge of the Rhinog Mountains in north Wales, the catchment of Llyn Cwm Mynach covers an area of 119 ha and reaches a maximum altitude of 680 m. The solid geology of the catchment consists of Cambrian siltstones to the north and grits and greywackes of the Cambrian Rhinog formation to the south. The north and east of the catchment is dominated by amorphous blanket peats, whereas acid ranker soils characterise the south and west. There are areas of exposed rock on the steeper slopes to the west.

The lake and its catchment receive an annual rainfall of c. 2200 mm.

Approximately half of the catchment is forested with Japanese larch, Lodgepole pine and Sitka spruce planted between 1967 and 1973. The remainder is acid moorland characterised by Calluna and Vaccinium and utilised as rough grazing for sheep. The remains of short-lived small manganese mines are to be found the south-west of the catchment but there is no evidence to suggest these abandoned excavations have had any effect on water chemistry during monitoring. Both the lake and the catchment lie within the Snowdonia National Park.

Llyn Cwm Mynach lies at 287 m altitude. The lake consists of two distinct basins; the southern section comprises a shallow limb separated from the deeper northern section by an old and broken stone causeway. The maximum depth of 11 m occurs in the northern basin in a localised hollow. Discrete drainage to the lake is by three small inflows and it is drained to the south-east by a small stream which flows to the Mawddach estuary. At some stage in the past a wooden weir (now derelict) was constructed at the outflow, presumably to raise the level of the southern section of the lake.

The llyn has been designated as a site in the Environment Agency's Water Framework Directive Lake Surveillance Network. The UK UWMN contributes the biological and chemical data required for this statutory monitoring.

[collapsed title="Water chemistry"]

​

Excess SO₄^2- = all sulphate not derived from marine salts; Cl^-  = chloride; NO₃^- = nitrate; DOC = dissolved organic carbon; Labile Al = inorganic monomeric (labile) aluminium; ANC = Acid Neutralising Capacity (determined by the difference (in equivalents) between total base cation concentration and total acid anion concentration); Gran Alkalinity = alkalinity determined by a Gran titration; Ca²⁺ = calcium; Mg²⁺ = magnesium.

[/collapse]

[collapsed title="Epilithic diatoms"]

​

Annual mean percentage abundance of the most common diatom taxa in replicate samples of the biofilm of stone surfaces. Taxa are arranged in the plot so that those that had their highest percentage abundances at the beginning of the monitoring record appear at the top of the figure, and those that have become most common at the end of the record appear at the bottom.

[/collapsed]

[collapsed title=Macroinvertebrates]

Abundance of the most common macroinvertebrate taxa as a percentage of all individuals collected in five bulked kick samples. Taxa are arranged in the plot so that those with their highest percentage abundances at the beginning of the monitoring record appear at the top of the figure, and those that have become most common at the end of the record appear at the bottom.

[/collapse]

• UK lakes
• Map resources
• APIS results for Llyn Cwm Mynach

[collapsed title=Llyn Cwm Mynach Bibliography]

• Oosthoek, S. (6-1-2016) Global browning: Why the world's fresh water is getting murkier. New Scientist (3055), 34-35. Reed Business Information, London.
• Russell, F., Chiverrell, R. & Boyle, J. F. (2016) Developing palaeolimnological records of organic content (DOC and POC) using the UK Acid Water Monitoring Network sites. 18(EGU2016-895). EGU General Assembly 2016.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Millidine, K. & Malcolm, I. A. (2016) The United Kingdom Upland Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2014-2015 (year 27). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-290. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Millidine, K., Malcolm, I. A. & Norris, D. A. (2016) UK Upland Waters Monitoring Network (UKUWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Llagi, Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2015 - March 2016. Report to the Welsh Government and Natural Resources Wales. 1-76. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Woolway, R. I., Jones, I. D., Maberly, S. C., French, J. R., Livingstone, D. M., Monteith, D. T., Simpson, G. L., Thackeray, S. J., Andersen, M. R., Battarbee, R. W., DeGasperi, C. L., Evans, C. D., de Eyto, E., Feuchtmayr, H., Hamilton, D. P., Kernan, M., Krokowski, J., Rimmer, A., Rose, K. C., Rusak, J. A., Ryves, D. B., Scott, D. R., Shilland, E. M., Smyth, R. L., Staehr, P. A., Thomas, R., Waldron, S. & Weyhenmeyer, G. A. (2016) Diel Surface Temperature Range Scales with Lake Size. PLoS ONE, 11, e0152466.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2015) Remote lakes: pristine or polluted. UK and Ireland Lakes Network annual conference, Abergavenny. 4th March 2015.
• Evans, C. D. (2015) UK and international freshwater monitoring. Swedish Agricultural University, Uppsala. 11th May 2015, Invited keynote. Meeting to mark 50 years of freshwater monitoring in Sweden, attended by the King and Crown Princess.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Shilland, E. M., Battarbee, R. W., Patrick, S. T. & Malcolm, I. A. (2015) 35 years of upland water quality monitoring in the UK: Foreseen events, unforeseen events, non-events and extreme events. 9th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Rochester, New York. October 19-23, 2015.
• Monteith, D. T., Henrys, P. A., Evans, C. D., Malcolm, I. A., Shilland, E. M. & Pereira, M. G. (2015) Spatial controls on dissolved organic carbon in upland waters inferred from a simple statistical model. Biogeochemistry 1-15.
• Monteith, D. T., Battarbee, R. W., Hildrew, A. G., Malcolm, I. A., Shilland, E. M., Evans, C. D. & Kernan, M. (2015) Hindered, stubborn or confused? Explaining the patchiness of biological responses to the declining acidity of surface waters. 9th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Rochester, New York. October 19-23, 2015.
• Pearce-Higgins, J. W., BREWER, M. J., Elston, D. A., Martay, B., Powney, G. D., Isaac, N. J. B., Monteith, D. T., Henrys, P. A., Vaughan, I. P., Ormerod, S. J., Green, S., Edwards, F. K., Johnston, A., Bell, J. R., Harrington, R., Brereton, T. M., Barlow, K. E., Battarbee, R. W. & Shilland, E. M. (2015) BICCO-Net II. Final report to the Biological Impacts of Climate Change Observation Network (BICCO-Net) Steering Group. 1-69. Defra, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Millidine, K., Malcolm, I. A. & Norris, D. A. (2015) UK Upland Waters Monitoring Network (UKUWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Llagi, Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2014 - March 2015. Report to the Welsh Government and Natural Resources Wales. 1-71. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Woolway, R. I., Monteith, D. T., Rose, N. L., Yang, H., Malcolm, I. A., Millidine, K. J., Hildrew, A. G., Evans, C. D., Sime, I., Hatton-Ellis, T., Kernan, M., Patrick, S. T., Turner, S. D. & Battarbee, R. W. (2015) Tracking the impact of climate change on UK surface waters recovering from acidification. Poster. 9th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Rochester, New York. October 19-23, 2015.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2015) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Seventh Year: 2014. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-13. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Woolway, R. I. (2015) Drivers, associations and consequences of the diel variability in high-resolution lake surface water temperature measurements. 1-351. Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
• Battarbee, R. W. (2014) SWAP: the aftermath. University of Bergen, April 25th 2014.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2014) The UK Upland Waters Monitoring Network: from acid rain to climate change. Scottish Freshwater Group, Stirling, March 27th, 2014.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2014) Upland waters in the UK: from acid rain to climate change. Seminar, University of St Andrews, March 26th 2014.
• Battarbee, R. W., Shilland, E. M., Kernan, M., Monteith, D. T. & Curtis, C. J. (2014) Recovery of acidified surface waters from acidification in the United Kingdom after twenty years of chemical and biological monitoring (1988-2008). Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 267-273.
• Battarbee, R. W., Simpson, G. L., Shilland, E. M., Flower, R. J., Kreiser, A., Yang, H. & Clarke, G. (2014) Recovery of UK lakes from acidification: An assessment using combined palaeoecological and contemporary diatom assemblage data. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 365-380.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2014) Trends in bulk deposition of acidity in the UK, 1988-2007, assessed using additive models. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 274-286.
• Curtis, C. J., Battarbee, R. W., Monteith, D. T. & Shilland, E. M. (2014) The future of upland water ecosystems of the UK in the 21st century: A synthesis. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 412-430.
• Escudero-Onate, C. (2014) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 1428:pH, Conductivity, Alkalinity, NO3-N, Cl, SO4,Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. 1-88. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Fjellheim, A., Johannessen, A. & Svanevik Landes, T. (2014) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Biological intercalibration: Invertebrates 1713. ICP Waters Report 118/2014, 1-25. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Gray, C., Woodward, G. & Ma, A. (2014) Conserved substructure in a large collection of freshwater food webs as they recover from acidification. Poster. Joint British Ecological Society and Société d'Ecologie Annual Meeting. 11th December 2014, Lille, France.
• Helliwell, R. C., Aherne, J., MacDougall, G., Nisbet, T. R., Lawson, D., Cosby, B. J. & Evans, C. D. (2014) Past acidification and recovery of surface waters, soils and ecology in the United Kingdom: Prospects for the future under current deposition and land use protocols. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 381-395.
• Malcolm, I. A., Bacon, P. J., Middlemas, S. J., Fryer, R. J., Shilland, E. M. & Collen, P. (2014) Relationships between hydrochemistry and the presence of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) in headwater streams recovering from acidification. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 351-364.
• Monteith, D. T., Evans, C. D., Henrys, P. A., Simpson, G. L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2014) Trends in the hydrochemistry of acid-sensitive surface waters in the UK 1988GÇô2008. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 287-303.
• Monteith, D. T., Shilland, E. M., Battarbee, R. W., Evans, C. D., Hildrew, A. G. & Malcolm, I. A. (2014) Recovery of water chemistry and biology in the UK: latest status and emerging issues. Proceedings of the 26th Meeting of the ICP Waters Task Force in Grimstad, Norway October 8-10 2014.
• Murphy, J. F., Winterbottom, J. H., Orton, S., Simpson, G. L., Shilland, E. M. & Hildrew, A. G. (2014) Evidence of recovery from acidification in the macroinvertebrate assemblages of UK fresh waters: A 20-year time series. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 330-340.
• Rowe, E. C., Tipping, E., Posch, M., Oulehle, F., Cooper, D. M., Jones, T. G., Burden, A., Hall, J. & Evans, C. D. (2014) Predicting nitrogen and acidity effects on long-term dynamics of dissolved organic matter. Environmental Pollution, 184, 271-282.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Millidine, K. & Malcolm, I. A. (2014) The United Kingdom Upland Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2013-2014 (year 26). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-282. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L., Millidine, K. & Malcolm, I. A. (2014) UK Upland Waters Monitoring Network (UKUWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Llagi, Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2013 - March 2014. Report to the Welsh Government and Natural Resources Wales. 1-64. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Millidine, K. & Malcolm, I. A. (2014) The United Kingdom Upland Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2012-2013 (year 25). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-259. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Stockdale, A., Tipping, E., Fjellheim, A., Garmo, +. A., Hildrew, A. G., Lofts, S., Monteith, D. T., Ormerod, S. J. & Shilland, E. M. (2014) Recovery of macroinvertebrate species richness in acidified upland waters assessed with a field toxicity model. Ecological Indicators, 37, Part B, 341-350.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2014) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Seventh Year: 2014. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Escudero-Onate, C. (2013) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 1327:pH, Conductivity, Alkalinity, NO3-N, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. 1-93. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Shilland, E. M. (2013) 25 Years of the Acid Waters Monitoring Network in Wales. Marine and Freshwater Evidence Workshop, Countryside Council for Wales HQ, Bangor. February 20th 2013.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L., Malcolm, I. A. & Salgado, J. (2013) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2011-2012 (year 24). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-250. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2013) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2012 - March 2013. Report to the Welsh Government, Countryside Council for Wales and Environment Agency, Wales. 1-82. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2013) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Sixth Year: 2013. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-13. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Allott, T. E. H., Evans, M., Rothwell, J., Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Crouch, T., Walker, J., Shilland, E. M. & Battarbee, R. W. (9-5-2012) Peatlands and water quality: degradation, restoration and the Water Framework Directive. Reducing the cost of the Water Framework Directive through Payments for Water Services. Valuing Nature Network Meeting. Leeds. 9th May 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Lake sediments and the Anthropocene. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. October 22nd 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. & Shilland, E. M. (2012) Acid Waters Monitoring Network (AWMN) to Upland Waters Monitoring Network (UWMN): tracking water quality and biodiversity in the Uplands. Joint EA/NE/CCW Lakes Workshop, Birmingham. Dec 4th 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Lake sediments and the Anthropocene. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing. October 17th 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Acid Rain and acid lakes: an update. Cirencester Science and Technology Society, Royal Agricultural Society, Cirencester, June 13th 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Lake sediments and the Anthropocene. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou. October 25th 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W., Evans, C. D., Shilland, E. M. & Monteith, D. T. (2012) An Upland Waters Monitoring Network for the UK. Tracking changes in water quality and biodiversity in upland streams and lakes across the UK. Joint British Ecological Society and IUCN UK Peatland Programme Symposium 2012. Investing in Peatlands - Demonstrating Success. Poster. Bangor University. 26-28th June 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Upland waters in the UK - plans for the future. West Midlands and North West England Freshwater Group, Bolton. 20th April 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. & Shilland, E. M. (2012) Acid Waters Monitoring Network to Upland Waters Monitoring Network: tracking water quality and biodiversity in the Uplands. Plenary 2. The FBA Annual Scientific Meeting 2012. Glasgow. 11th July 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. & Shilland, E. M. (2012) The Acid Waters Monitoring Network. Defra BICCO-Net Start-up Meeting, Thetford. November 14th 2012.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2012) Lake sediments and the Anthropocene. University of Iceland, Reykjavik. November 9th 2012.
• Dahl, I. (2012) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 1226:pH, Conductivity, Alkalinity, NO3-N, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. 1-92. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Duncan, W., Colvill, D. & Malcolm, I. A. (2012) UKTAG Acidification Environmental Standards. Report FTT017, 1-13. Water Framework Directive - United Kingdom Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG).
• Evans, C. D., Curtis, C. J., Monteith, D. T. & Reynolds, B. (2012) An Assessment of the Draft Forestry-Acidification Guide. Report to the Environment Agency. 1-18. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor.
• Kernan, M., Simpson, G. L., Battarbee, R. W., Curtis, C. J. & Shilland, E. M. (2012) Biological Recovery Trajectories in acidified lakes and streams in the UK, 1988-2009. Waterbodies in Europe: Integrative Systems to assess Ecological status and Recovery (WISER) final conference. Tallinn, Estonia. 25-26 January 2012.
• Malcolm, I. A., Bacon, P., Middlemas, S., Fryer, R., Shilland, E. M. & Monteith, D. T. (2012) Relationships Between Hydrochemistry And The Presence Of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) In Headwater Streams Recovering From Acidification. 6th World Fisheries Congress: Sustainable Fisheries in a Changing World. Edinburgh, Scotland. 7th-11th May 2012.
• RoTAP. (2012) Review of Transboundary Air Pollution: Acidification, Eutrophication,Ground Level Ozone and Heavy Metals in the UK. Contract Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. 1-292. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L., Malcolm, I. A., Marazzi, L., Panizzo, V. N. & Salgado, J. (2012) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2010-2011 (year 23). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-239. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2012) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2011 - March 2012. Report to the Welsh Government, Countryside Council for Wales and Environment Agency, Wales. 1-104. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2012) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Fifth Year: 2012. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Battarbee, R. W., Simpson, G. L., Bennion, H. & Curtis, C. J. (2011) A reference typology of low alkalinity lakes in the UK based on pre-acidification diatom assemblages from lake sediment cores. Journal of Paleolimnology, 45, 489-505.
• Dahl, I. & Hagebo, E. (2011) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 1125:pH, Conductivity, Alkalinity, NO3-N, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. 1-77. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Simpson, G. L., Shilland, E. M., Curtis, C. J., Battarbee, R. W., Patrick, S. T., Reynolds, B. & Helliwell, R. C. (2011) The UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network: (20 years of research in 20 minutes…). 19th ICP Integrated Monitoring Task Force Meeting. Rome, Italy. 4-6th May 2011.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Fowler, D., Cape, J. N. & Brayshaw, S. (2011) Hydrochloric Acid: An Overlooked Driver of Environmental Change. Environmental Science & Technology, 45, 1887-1894.
• Fjellheim, A., Johannessen, A. & Svanevik Landes, T. (2011) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Biological intercalibration: Invertebrates 1511. 1-27. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Friberg, N., Bonada, N., Bradley, D. C., Dunbar, M. J., Edwards, F. K., Grey, J., Hayes, R. B., Hildrew, A. G., Lamouroux, N., Trimmer, M. & Woodward, G. (2011) Biomonitoring of Human Impacts in Freshwater Ecosystems: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Advances in Ecological Research 1-68.
• Kernan, M., Battarbee, R. W., Curtis, C. J., Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Shilland, E. M. & Simpson, G. L. (2011) Recovery of acidified lakes and streams in the UK, 1988-2009. 8th International Conference on Acid Deposition. Acid Rain 2011. Beijing, China. 15th-18th June 2011.
• Neal, C., Rowland, P., Neal, M., Jarvie, H. P., Lawlor, A., Sleep, D. & Scholefield, P. (2011) Aluminium in UK rivers: a need for integrated research related to kinetic factors, colloidal transport, carbon and habitat. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 13, 2153-2164.
• Pla-Rabes, S., Flower, R. J., Shilland, E. M. & Kreiser, A. M. (2011) Assessing microbial diversity using recent lake sediments and estimations of spatio-temporal diversity. Journal of Biogeography, 38, 2033-2040.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2011) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2010 - March 2011. Report to the Welsh Assembly Government, Countryside Council for Wales and Environment Agency, Wales. 1-94. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2011) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2009-2010 (year 22). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-237. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Smith, P., Ashmore, M., Black, H., Burgess, P., Evans, C. D., Hails, R., Potts, S., Quine, T. & Thomson, A. (2011) Regulating services. In: The UK National Ecosystem Assessment Technical Report., 1-61, UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge.
• Tipping, E. & Carter, H. T. (2011) Aluminium speciation in streams and lakes of the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network, modelled with WHAM. Science of the Total Environment, 409, 1550-1558.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2011) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Fourth Year: 2011. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Battarbee, R. W., Kernan, M., Monteith, D. T. & Curtis, C. J. (2010) Summary and Recommendations. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 279-293, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Battarbee, R. W., Shilland, E. M. & Monteith, D. T. (2010) Tracking the biodiversity response of upland waters to environmental change: the value of the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network. Presentation. Beyond 2010: strategies for understanding and responding to long-term trends in UK biodiversity. Natural History Museum, London, UK. 16-17 November 2010.
• Battarbee, R. W. (2010) Are our acidified upland waters recovering? Freshwater Biological Association News (No. 52. Winter 2010), 4-5. The Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside.
• Curtis, C. J., Battarbee, R. W., Heliwell, R., Flower, R. J., Simpson, G. L., Monteith, D. T., Shilland, E. M., Aherne, J. & MacDougall, G. (2010) Recovery Progress: Reference Conditions and Restoration Targets. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 206-237, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Curtis, C. J., Battarbee, R. W., Shilland, E. M., Simpson, G. L., Kernan, M. R. & Monteith, D. T. (2010) The UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network: 20 Year Interpretive Report – a brief summary. Skjelkvåle, B. L., de Wit, H., and Jeffries, D. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Proceedings of the 25th Meeting of the ICP Waters Task Force in Burlington, Canada, October 19-21 2009, 29-35. NIVA, Oslo, Norway. NIVA Report No. 5995-2010. 19-10-2009.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2010) Acid Deposition Trends at AWMN Sites. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 31-52, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Evans, C. D., Cooper, D. M., Monteith, D. T., Helliwell, R. C., Moldan, F., Hall, J. R., Rowe, E. C. & Cosby, B. J. (2010) Linking monitoring and modelling: can long-term datasets be used more effectively as a basis for large-scale prediction? Biogeochemistry, 101, 211-227.
• Flower, R. J., Simpson, G. L., Kreiser, A. M., Yang, H., Shilland, E. M. & Battarbee, R. W. (2010) Epilithic Diatoms. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 97-111, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Hildrew, A. G., Winterbottom, J. H., Orton, S., Murphy, J., Simpson, G. L. & Shilland, E. M. (2010) Macroinvertebrates. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 126-139, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Hovind, H. (2010) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 1024: pH, Cond, HCO3, NO3-N, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn. 1-77. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Kernan, M., Monteith, D. T., Battarbee, R. W., Curtis, C. J., Shilland, E. M. & Simpson, G. L. (2010) Introduction. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 23-30, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Kernan, M., Battarbee, R. W., Curtis, C. J., Monteith, D. T.& Shilland, E. M. (2010) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 1-483, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Malcolm, I. A., Bacon, P., Middlemas, S., Collen, P. & Shilland, E. M. (2010) Salmonid Fish Populations. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 140-165, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Malcolm, I. A., Bacon, P., Middlemas, S., Collen, P. & Shilland, E. M. (2010) Acid Waters and salmonid populations. Presentation. Workshop on Forestry and Acidification at Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Midlothian, Scotland. Tue 9 Nov 2010.
• McFarland, B., Carse, F. & Sandin, L. (2010) Littoral macroinvertebrates as indicators of lake acidification within the UK. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 20, S105-S116.
• Monteith, D. T., Evans, C. D., Malcolm, I. A., Simpson, G. L. & Curtis, C. J. (2010) Hydrochemical trends at UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network sites and associated Scottish sites. Presentation. Workshop on Forestry and Acidification at Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Midlothian, Scotland. Tue 9 Nov 2010.
• Monteith, D. T., Evans, C., Simpson, G. L. & Curtis, C. J. (2010) Hydrochemistry. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 53-96, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Rose, N. L. & Yang, H. (2010) Trace Metals. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 166-205, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2010) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2009 - March 2010. Report to the Welsh Assembly Government, Countryside Council for Wales and Environment Agency, Wales. 1-73. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Irvine, L. & Malcolm, I. A. (2010) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2008-2009 (year 21). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-237. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Curtis, C. J. & Kernan, M. R. (2010) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN). Llyn Llagi, Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy. Sites Summary Report. Report to the Countryside Council for Wales. 1-103. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M. & Monteith, D. T. (2010) Aquatic Macrophytes. In: UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 20 Year Interpretative Report, 112-125, ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Solheim, A. L., Austnes, K., Eriksen, T. E., Siefert, I. & Holen, S. (2010) Climate change impacts on water quality and biodiversity. Background Report for EEA European Environment State and Outlook Report 2010. ETC Water Technical Report 1/2010, 1-68. European Topic Centre on Water, Prague.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2010) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Third Year: 2010. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Evans, C. D., Cooper, D. M., Helliwell, R. C., Aherne, J., Moldan, F., Hall, J. R., Rowe, E. C., Monteith, D. T., Moldan, F. & Cosby, B. J. (2009) Removing the disconnect between maps and time series: can long-term monitoring data be used more effectively as a basis for model upscaling? BIOGEOMON 6th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour, University of Helsinki, Finland, 29 June - 3 July 2009.
• Fjellheim, A. (2009) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Biological intercalibration: Invertebrates 1309. 1-32. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Hildrew, A. G. (2009) Sustained Research on Stream Communities: A Model System and The Comparative Approach, 175-312, Elsevier Academic Press Inc, San Diego.
• Hovind, H. (2009) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 0923: pH, Cond, HCO3, NO3-N, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, TOC, Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn. 1-73. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Monteith, D. T. (2009) Recovery from acidification in the UK: reversing into uncharted waters? Presentation. Gordon Conference; Catchment Science: Interactions of Hydrology, Biology & Geochemistry. Thresholds, Tipping Points and Non-Linearity: Integrated Catchment Science for the 21st Century. Proctor Academy. Andover, NH, USA. July 12-17, 2009.
• Monteith, D. T. (2009) DOC losses: UK losses in an international context. Presentation, Inaugural Carbon Landscapes and Drainage (CLAD) meeting. Glasgow University, Glasgow, Scotland. 20 - 22 October 2009.
• Shilland, E. M. & Hutchins, M. (2009) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249 Llyn Cwm Mynach, Afon Hafren and Afon Gwy Annual Summary Progress Report April 2008 - March 2009. Report to the Welsh Assembly Government, Countryside Council for Wales and Environment Agency, Wales. 1-61. ENSIS Ltd, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T. & Hutchins, M. (2009) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2007-2008 (year 20). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-205. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• WFD-UKTAG. (2009) UKTAG River Assessment Methods Benthic Invertebrate Fauna. Scottish Acid Water Indicator Community (SAWIC). 1-20. Water Framework Directive - United Kingdom Advisory Group (WFD-UKTAG), SNIFFER, Edinburgh, Scotland.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2009) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty Second Year: 2009. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Battarbee, R. W., Monteith, D. T., Juggins, S., Simpson, G. L., Shilland, E. M., Flower, R. J. & Kreiser, A. M. (2008) Assessing the accuracy of diatom-based transfer functions in defining reference pH conditions for acidified lakes in the United Kingdom. The Holocene, 18, 57-67.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Reynolds, B. & Clark, J. M. (2008) Buffering of recovery from acidification by organic acids. Science of the Total Environment, 404, 316-325.
• Gardner, M. J. (2008) Long-term proficiency testing for the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network. Accreditation and Quality Assurance: Journal for Quality, Comparability and Reliability in Chemical Measurement, 13, 255-260.
• Monteith, D. T. (2008) An update of the state of chemical and biological recovery in the UK (1988-2006). de Wit, H. A., Skjelkvale, B. L., and Jenssen, M. T. S. 19-23. NIVA, Oslo. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Proceedings of the 23 rd meeting of the ICP Waters Programme Task Force in Nancy, France, October 8 - 10, 2007. 8-10-2007.
• Neal, C., Lofts, S., Evans, C. D., Reynolds, B., Tipping, E. & Neal, M. (2008) Increasing iron concentrations in UK upland waters. Aquatic Geochemistry, 14, 263-288.
• NERC. (2008) Clear to brown: upland waters return to natural state. NERC Annual Review 2007-2008 , 11. Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon.
• Rippey, B., Rose, N., Yang, H. D., Harrad, S., Robson, M. & Travers, S. (2008) An assessment of toxicity in profundal lake sediment due to deposition of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from the atmosphere. Environment International, 34, 345-356.
• Shilland, E. M. (2008) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (UKAWMN) - Contract 22 01 249. Llyn Cwm Mynach - Annual Summary Progress Report. April 2007 - March 2008. Report to the Welsh Assembly Government. 1-20. ENSIS Ltd, University College London, London.
• Skjelkvale, B. L. & de Wit, H. A. (2008) ICP Waters. 20 year with monitoring effects of long-range transboundary air pollution on surface waters in Europe and North America. NIVA Report SNO: 5684-2008, 1-55. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2008) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twenty First Year: 2008. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2007) Acid Waters Monitoring 2006 Report on Fish Studies. 1-34. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2007) Freshwater Umbrella - The effect of nitrogen deposition and climate change on freshwaters in the UK. Report to DEFRA under contract CPEA17. ECRC Research Report 115. ENSIS Ltd. University College London, London.
• Evans, C. D., Hall, J. R., Rowe, E. C., Aherne, J., Helliwell, R. C., Jenkins, A., Hutchins, M., Cosby, J., Smart, S., Howard, D., Norris, D., Coull, M. C., Lilly, A., Bonjean, M. C., Broughton, R., O'Hanlon, S., Heywood, E. & Ullyett, J. (2007) Critical Loads and Dynamic Modelling Final Report. Report to the Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs under Contract No. CPEA 19. 1-53. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor, Wales.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Wright, R. & Clark, J. (2007) Issues affecting upland water quality: Climate change, acidity, nitrogen and water colour. Kernan, M. R., Battarbee, R. W., and Binney, H. A. 21-25. ENSIS Publishing, University College London, London, London. Climate Change and Aquatic Ecosystems in the UK.
• Hovind, H. (2007) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 0721: pH, Cond, HCO3, NO3-N, C1, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn. 1-68. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Monteith, D. T. & Shilland, E. M. (2007) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Assessment of the First 18 Years of Data. Data Summary Annex Accompanying Research Project Final Report. Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-276. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Monteith, D. T., Stoddard, J. L., Evans, C. D., de Wit, H. A., Forsius, M., Hogasen, T., Wilander, A., Skjelkvale, B. L., Jeffries, D. S., Vuorenmaa, J., Keller, B., Kopacek, J. & Vesely, J. (2007) Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry. Nature, 450, 537-540.
• Monteith, D. T., Stoddard, J. L., Evans, C. D., de Wit, H., Forsius, M., Hogasen, T., Jeffries, D. S., Kopacek, J., Skjelkvale, B. L., Vesely, J., Vuorenmaa, J. & Wilander, A. (2007) Increases in DOC in remote lakes and rivers. A signal of climate change or a return to pre-acidification conditions? In: Trends in surface water chemistry and biota; The importance of confounding factors, 39-49, NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Monteith, D. T. & Simpson, G. L. (2007) Macroinvertebrate classification diagnostic tool development. Final report to SNIFFER, Project WFD60. 1-84. SNIFFER, Edinburgh.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Hutchins, M. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2007) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2006-2007 (year 19). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-203. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Skjelkvale, B. L. & de Wit, H. (2007) Trends in surface water chemistry and biota; The importance of confounding factors. 1-86. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2007) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twentieth Year: 2007. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2006) Acid Waters Monitoring 2005 Report on Fish Studies. 1-30. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Chapman, P. J. & Clark, J. M. (2006) Dissolved organic carbon, sulphur and nitrogen: is everything connected to everything else? Presentation, BIOGEOMON 5th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA, 25-30 June 2006.
• Evans, C. D., Chapman, P., Clark, J., Monteith, D. T. & Cresser, M. (2006) Alternative explanations for rising dissolved organic carbon export from organic soils. Global Change Biology, 12, 2044-2054.
• Hovind, H. (2006) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 0620: pH, Cond, HCO3, NO3+NO2, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn. 1-69. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Monteith, D. T. (2006) Links between regional scale climate variability and sea-salt episodes in the UK. Skjelkvale, B. L., Forsius, M., Wright, R., de Wit, H. A., Raddum, G. G., and Sjoeng, A. M. S. 12-13. NIVA, Oslo. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Joint Workshop on Confounding Factors in Recovery from Acid Depositon in Surface Waters, 9-10 October 2006, Bergen, Norway; Summary and Abstracts. 9-10-2006.
• Monteith, D. T., Stoddard, J. L., Evans, C. D., de Wit, H. A., Forsius, M., Hogasen, T., Jeffries, D. S., Kopacek, J., Skjelkvale, B. L., Vesely, J. & Wilander, A. (2006) An International Assessment of Temporal Trends in Dissolved Organic Carbon and Likely Drivers. Presentation, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Summer Conference. Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 4-9 June 2006.
• Monteith, D. T. (2006) Acidification and the WFD: Designing a macroinvertebrate-based tool to determine the pressure of lake acidification in the UK. de Wit, H. A. and Skjelkvale, B. L. 56-58. NIVA, Oslo. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Proceedings of the 21st meeting of the ICP Waters Programme Task Force in Tallinn, Estonia. October 17-19, 2005. 17-10-2005.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Bonjean, M. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2006) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2005-2006 (year 18). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-203. ENSIS Ltd. Environmental Change research Centre, University College London, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T. & Battarbee, R. W. (2006) Recovery of Acidified Waters in the United Kingdom. Evidence from the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network. Special Theme - Restoration & Recovery of Fresh Waters. Poster. Freshwater Biological Association, FBA Annual Scientific Meeting 2006, Dorset.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2006) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Nineteenth Year: 2006. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2005) Acid Waters Monitoring 2004 Report on Fish Studies. 1-27. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Cooper, D. M. (2005) Evidence of sulphur and nitrogen deposition signals at the United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network sites. Environmental Pollution, 137, 41-54.
• Curtis, C. J., Evans, C. D., Helliwell, R. C. & Monteith, D. T. (2005) Nitrate leaching as a confounding factor in chemical recovery from acidification in UK upland waters. Environmental Pollution, 137, 73-82.
• Davies, J. J. L., Jenkins, A., Monteith, D. T., Evans, C. D. & Cooper, D. M. (2005) Trends in surface water chemistry of acidified UK Freshwaters, 1988-2002. Environmental Pollution, 137, 27-39.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T. & Cooper, D. M. (2005) Long-term increases in surface water dissolved organic carbon: Observations, possible causes and environmental impacts. Environmental Pollution, 137, 55-71.
• Hovind, H. (2005) International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Intercomparison 0519: pH, Cond, HCO3, NO3+NO2, C1, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn. 1-70. NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
• Monteith, D. T. (2005) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network: a review of the first 15 years and introduction to the special issue. Environmental Pollution, 137, 3-13.
• Monteith, D. T., Simpson, G. L., Chandler, R. E. & Evans, C. D. (2005) Partitioning the influences of hydrology, seasalts, temperature and acid deposition on the acidity of recovering lakes in the UK. Presentation at the Acid Rain 2005 conference, Prague, Czech Republic. 12-7-2005.
• Monteith, D. T., Davies, J. J. L., Kreiser, A. M., Winterbottom, J. H. & Beaumont, W. R. B. (2005) Chemical and biological responses of acidified waters in the UK to acid emissions control: 1988–2003. Presentation at the Acid Rain 2005 conference, Prague, Czech Republic. 12-7-2005.
• Monteith, D. T. (2005) Chemical-biotic relationships observed on the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network 1988-2003. de Wit, H. A. and Skjelkvale, B. L. 69-80. NIVA, Oslo. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Proceedings of the 20th meeting of the ICP Waters Programme Task Force in Falun, Sweden. October 18-20, 2004. 18-10-2004.
• Monteith, D. T., Hildrew, A. G., Flower, R. J., Raven, P. J., Beaumont, W. R. B., Collen, P., Kreiser, A. M., Shilland, E. M. & Winterbottom, J. H. (2005) Biological responses to the chemical recovery of acidified fresh waters in the UK. Environmental Pollution, 137, 83-101.
• Neal, C., Neal, M., Reynolds, B., Maberly, S. C., May, L., Ferrier, R. C., Smith, J. & Parker, J. E. (2005) Silicon concentrations in UK surface waters. Journal of Hydrology, 304, 75-93.
• Rose, N. L. & Monteith, D. T. (2005) Temporal trends in spheroidal carbonaceous particle deposition derived from annual sediment traps and lake sediment cores and their relationship with non-marine sulphate. Environmental Pollution, 137, 151-163.
• Rose, N. L. & Appleby, P. G. (2005) Regional Applications of Lake Sediment Dating by Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particle Analysis I: United Kingdom. J Paleolimnol, 34, 349-361.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Bonjean, M. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2005) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2004-2005 (year 17). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-188. ENSIS Ltd., London.
• Simpson, G. L., Shilland, E. M., Winterbottom, J. H. & Keay, J. (2005) Defining reference conditions for acidified waters using a modern analogue approach. Environmental Pollution, 137, 119-133.
• Winterbottom, J. H., Orton, S. E. & Wilcock, H. R. (2005) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Eighteenth Year: 2005. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2004) Acid Waters Monitoring 2003 Report on Fish Studies. 1-27. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2004) Summary of research under Defra contract "Recovery of Acidified Waters in the UK" EPG/1/3/183. Final Report. ECRC Research Report No. 98, 1-362. Environmental Change Research Centre, UCL, London.
• Monteith, D. T. (2004) Evidence for the recovery of freshwater lakes and streams in the UK from acidification, based on the analysis of data from the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network (1988-2003). Skjelkvale, B. L. 38-39. NIVA, Oslo. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes. Proceedings of the 19th meeting of the ICP Waters Programme Task Force in Lugano, Switzerland. October 18-20, 2003. 18-10-2003.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Bonjean, M. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2004) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2003-2004 (year 16). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160). 1-188. ENSIS Ltd., London.
• Winterbottom, J. H., Orton, S. E. & Wilcock, H. R. (2004) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Seventeenth Year: 2004. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2003) Acid Waters Monitoring 2002 Report on Fish Studies. 1-25. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Cooper, D. M. & Jenkins, A. (2003) Response of acid lakes in the UK to reductions in atmospheric deposition of sulfur. Science of the Total Environment, 313, 91-100.
• Neal, C., Neal, M., Davies, H. & Smith, J. (2003) Fluoride in UK rivers. The Science of The Total Environment, 314-316, 209-231.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Smith, J. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2003) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2002-2003 (year 15). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160) and the Department of the Environment Northern Ireland (Contract CON 4/4 (38)). 1-178. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2003) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Sixteenth Year: 2003. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2002) Acid Waters Monitoring 2001 Report on Fish Studies: Addendum. 1-8. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (2002) Acid Waters Monitoring 2001 Report on Fish Studies. 1-14. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Smith, J. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2002) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2000-2001 (year 13). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160) and the Department of the Environment Northern Ireland (Contract CON 4/4 (38)). 1-178. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Shilland, E. M., Monteith, D. T., Smith, J. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (2002) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 2001-2002 (year 14). Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Contract EPG 1/3/160) and the Department of the Environment Northern Ireland (Contract CON 4/4 (38)). 1-178. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. E. (2002) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Fifteenth Year: 2002. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & McDonnell, N. (2001) Acid Waters Monitoring 2000 Report on Fish Studies. 1-18. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• CLAM. (2001) Summary of Research under DETR Contract "Acidification of freshwaters: the role of nitrogen and the prospects for recovery", EPG1/3/117. Curtis, C. J. and Simpson, G. Research Report No. 79. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2001) Summary of research under DETR contract "Acidification of freshwaters:the role of nitrogen and the prospects for recovery" EPG/1/3/117. Work package 2: Recovery. Research Report No. 79, 1-222. Environmental Change Research Centre, UCL, London.
• Curtis, C. J. & Simpson, G. L. (2001) Summary of research under DETR contract "Acidification of freshwaters:the role of nitrogen and the prospects for recovery" EPG/1/3/117. Work package 1: Nitrogen. Research Report No. 79, 1-149. Environmental Change Research Centre, UCL, London.
• Evans, C. D. & Monteith, D. T. (2001) Chemical trends at lakes and streams in the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network, 1988-2000: Evidence for recent recovery at a national scale. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 5, 351-366.
• Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T. & Harriman, R. (2001) Long-term variability in the deposition of marine ions at west coast sites in the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network: impacts on surface water chemistry and significance for trend determination. The Science of The Total Environment, 265, 115-129.
• Evans, C. D., Cullen, J. M., Alewell, C., Kopacek, J., Marchetto, A., Moldan, F., Prechtel, A., Rogora, M., Vesely, J. & Wright, R. (2001) Recovery from acidification in European surface waters. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 5, 283-297.
• Jenkins, A. & Cullen, J. M. (2001) An Assessment of the potential impact of the Gothenburg Protocol on surface water chemistry using the dynamic MAGIC model at acid sensitive sites in the UK. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 5, 529-541.
• Monteith, D. T. & Evans, C. D. (2001) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network. 1-24. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, London.
• Monteith, D. T., Evans, C. D. & Patrick, S. (2001) Monitoring acid waters in the UK: 1988-1998 Trends. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 130, 1307-1312.
• NEGTAP. (2001) Transboundary Air Pollution: Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-Level Ozone in the UK. 1-314. Department For Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (2001) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Fourteenth Year: 2001. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & Ingram, A. (2000) Acid Waters Monitoring 1999 Report on Fish Studies. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Monteith, D. T. & Evans, C. D. (2000) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network 10 Year Report. Analysis and Interpretation of Results, April 1988 - March 1998. Monteith, D. T. and Evans, C. D. 1-364. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (2000) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Thirteenth Year: 2000. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-11. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & Sturgess, P. (1999) Acid Waters Monitoring 1998 Report on Fish Studies. 1-26. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Beaumont, W. R. C., Sturgess, P. & Pinder, A. (1999) Acid Waters Monitoring Report on Fish Studies 1988-1997. 1-129. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Curtis, C. J., Murlis, J., Battarbee, R. W., Bull, K., Campbell, G., Fowler, D., Jenkins, A., Monteith, D. T., Ormerod, S. & Reynolds, B. (1999) Acid deposition in the UK: a review of environmental damage and recovery prospects. NSCA Occasional Paper No.1, 1-28. National Society for Clean Air and Environmental Protection, Brighton.
• Henderson, P. A. (1999) Atmospheric Deposition of Heavy Metals: an assessment of monitoring in the UK with reference to critical loads and forthcoming legislation. A scoping study produced for the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) as part of the Critical LoadsAcidity and Metals programme (contract no. EPG 1/3/117 [AQ 17/8/307]). ENSIS Ltd. University College London, London.
• Stevenson, R. (1999) COMMERCIALISATION OF SMALL HYDRO THROUGH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION. 1-94. Dulas Ltd, for the Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU) on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1999) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Twelth Year: 1999. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & Pinder, A. (1998) Acid Waters Monitoring 1997 Report on Fish Studies. 1-27. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Helliwell, R. C., Ferrier, R. C. & Jenkins, A. (1998) A two-layer application of the MAGIC model to predict the effects of land use scenarios and reductions in deposition on acid sensitive soils in the UK. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2, 497-507.
• Jenkins, A., Helliwell, R. C., Swingewood, P. J., Sefton, C., Renshaw, M. & Ferrier, R. C. (1998) Will reduced sulphur emissions under the Second Sulphur Protocol lead to recovery of acid sensitive sites in UK? Environmental Pollution, 99, 309-318.
• Monteith, D. T., Renshaw, M. & Patrick, S. T. (1998) Monitoring the long term chemical and biological response to changing sulphur and nitrogen emissions of sensitive waters, United Kingdom. Headwaters: Water Resources and Soil Conservation 111-125.
• Monteith, D. T., Evans, C. D., Beaumont, W. R. C. & Delinikajtis, C. (1998) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1997-1998 (year 10). Report to the DETR and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Rose, N. L. & Harlock, S. (1998) The Spatial Distribution of Characterised Fly-Ash Particles and Trace Metals in Lake Sediments and Catchment Mosses in the United Kingdom. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 106, 287-308.
• Sefton, C. E. M. & Jenkins, A. (1998) A regional application of the MAGIC model in Wales: calibration and assessment of future recovery using a Monte-Carlo approach. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2, 521-531.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1998) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Eleventh Year: 1998. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & Bradley, D. C. (1997) Acid Waters Monitoring 1996 Report on Fish Studies. 1-36. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Dorset.
• Monteith, D. T., Renshaw, M., Evans, C. D. & Patrick, S. T. (1997) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1996-1997 (year 9). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Rose, N. L., Bird, D. J., Keohane, B., Harriman, R. & Battarbee, R. W. (1997) The analysis of trace metals in surface waters from Scotland and Wales. A Report to the DoE, Air Quality Division. Research Report No. 39. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1997) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Tenth Year: 1997. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (1996) Acid Waters Monitoring 1995 Report on Fish Studies. 1-25. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Campbell, G. W. & Lee, D. S. (1996) Atmospheric deposition of sulphur and nitrogen species in the UK. Freshwater Biology, 36, 151-167.
• Jenkins, A., Boorman, D. & Renshaw, M. (1996) The UK acid waters monitoring network: An assessment of chemistry data, 1988-93. Freshwater Biology, 36, 169-178.
• Juggins, S., Flower, R. J. & Battarbee, R. W. (1996) Palaeolimnological evidence for recent chemical and biological changes in UK acid waters monitoring network sites. Freshwater Biology, 36, 203-219.
• Lancaster, J. & Patrick, S. (1996) The UK acid waters monitoring network: A preface. Freshwater Biology, 36, 129-130.
• Lancaster, J., Real, M., Juggins, S., Monteith, D. T., Flower, R. J. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (1996) Monitoring temporal changes in the biology of acid waters. Freshwater Biology, 36, 179-201.
• Monteith, D. T., Renshaw, M., Beaumont, W. R. C. & Patrick, S. T. (1996) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1995-1996 (year 8). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Patrick, S., Battarbee, R. W. & Jenkins, A. (1996) Monitoring acid waters in the UK: An overview of the UK acid waters monitoring network and summary of the first interpretative exercise. Freshwater Biology, 36, 131-150.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1996) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Ninth Year: 1996. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (1995) Acid Waters Monitoring 1994 Report on Fish Studies. 1-26. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Jenkins, A., Campbell, G., Renshaw, M., Boorman, D., Stedman, J. & Patrick, S. (1995) Surface water acidification in the UK; Current status, recent trends and future predictions. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 85, 565-570.
• Monteith, D. T., Renshaw, M. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (1995) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1994-1995 (year 7). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Patrick, S. T., Monteith, D. T. & Jenkins, A. (1995) UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network: The first five years. Analysis and interpretation of results, April 1988 - March 1993. 1-320. ENSIS Publishing, London.
• Rose, N. L., Harlock, S., Appleby, P. G. & Battarbee, R. W. (1995) Dating of recent lake sediments in the United Kingdom and Ireland using spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) concentration profiles. The Holocene, 5, 328-335.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1995) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Eighth Year: 1995. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. & Miles, L. (1994) Acid Waters Monitoring 1993 Report on Fish Studies. 1-42. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Monteith, D. T., Renshaw, M., Beaumont, W. R. C. & Patrick, S. T. (1994) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1993-1994 (year 6). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1994) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Seventh Year: 1994. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-9. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Wesfield College (University of London), London.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (1993) Acid Waters Monitoring 1992 Report on Fish Studies. 1-18. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Juggins, S., Shaw, C., Patrick, S. T., Monteith, D. T., Beaumont, W. R. C. & Reed, J. (1993) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1992-1993 (year 5). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Lancaster, J., Winterbottom, J. H. & Orton, S. (1993) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Sixth Year: 1993. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-9. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Westfield College (University of London), London.
• Rose, N. L. (1-1-1993) An Assessment of the Potential of the United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network to Monitor the Impact of Atmospheric Trace metals and Persistent Organic Compounds on Freshwaters. 1-87. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London. Research Papers No 9.
• Beaumont, W. R. C. (1992) Acid Waters Monitoring 1991 Report on Fish Studies. 1-16. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Dorset.
• Juggins, S., Shaw, C., Patrick, S. T., Monteith, D. T., Beaumont, W. R. C. & Reed, J. (1992) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1991-1992 (year 4). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Lancaster, J., Winterbottom, J. H. & Edmonds-Brown, V. (1992) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Fifth Year: 1992. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-10. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College (University of London), London.
• Juggins, S., Waters, D., Patrick, S. T. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (1991) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1990-1991 (year 3). Report to the DoE and the DoE Northern Ireland. 1-124. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Lancaster, J., Edmonds-Brown, V. & Winterbottom, J. H. (1991) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Fourth Year: 1991. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-12. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College (University of London), London.
• Orange, A. (1991) A Lichen and Bryophyte Survey of RSPB Woodlands in the Mawddach Area. Department of Botany, National Museum of Wales: Report to Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
• Patrick, S. T., Waters, D., Juggins, S. & Jenkins, A. (1991) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network. Site descriptions and methodology report. 1-63. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Dobson, M. K., Edmonds-Brown, V. & Grodzinska, M. (1990) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Third Year: 1990. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-15. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College (University of London), London.
• Juggins, S., Waters, D., Patrick, S. T., Jenkins, A. & Beaumont, W. R. C. (1990) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Data Report for 1989-1990 (year 2). Report to the DoE. 1-101. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Round, F. E. (1990) Diatom Communities their Response to Changes in Acidity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.Series B, Biological Sciences Palaeolimnology and Lake Acidification, 327, 243-249.
• Dobson, M. K. & Ibbotson, A. (1989) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Second Year: 1989. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-19. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College (University of London), London.
• Juggins, S., Watson, D., Waters, D., Patrick, S. T. & Jenkins, A. (1989) The United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Introduction and Data Report for 1988-1989 (year 1). Report to the DoE. 1-91. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Battarbee, R. W., Anderson, N. J., Appleby, P. G., Flower, R. J., Fritz, S. C., Haworth, E. Y., Higgitt, S., Jones, V. J., Kreiser, A. M., Munro, M. A. R., Natkanski, J., Oldfield, F., Patrick, S. T., Raven, P. J., Richardson, N. G., Rippey, B. & Stevenson, A. C. (1988) Lake Acidification in the United Kingdom. 1-68. ENSIS Ltd, London.
• Lancaster, J., Dobson, M. K. & Rundle, S. D. (1988) United Kingdom Acid Waters Monitoring Network Invertebrate Survey. Summary of species identification and abundance. 1-19. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College (University of London), London.
• Kreiser, A. M., Stevenson, A. C., Patrick, S. T., Rippey, B., Appleby, P. G., Oldfield, F., Darley, J., Higgitt, S., Battarbee, R. W. & Raven, P. J. (1987) Palaeoecological Evaluation of the recent Acidification of Welsh Lakes. 10, Llyn Cwm Mynach, Gwynedd. Patrick, S. T. and Stevenson, A. C. Research paper No. 27, 1-65. Palaeoecology Research Unit, University College London, London.
• Ward, F. (1931) The Lakes of Wales. A Guide for Anglers and Others, Jenkins, London.

[/collapse]